Managers within Monster suggested that the job board site was itself under threat by the next generation of job-finding tools. So-called job aggregator sites such as Indeed, SimplyHired, and Jobster allow the viewing of available jobs across a variety of job boards, and also list their own jobs. While none — alone — is as popular as Monster, together the aggregators get more traffic. Indeed.com is growing faster in unique visitors than Monster. Monster made the same mistake as the Globe: they believed their business model was inviolate. They didn’t anticipate, and didn’t recognize, that the fish were swimming in a new direction. This illustrates not that either company’s managers were stupid, but that it’s very difficult to act on threats to the existing business model.